The first Carmelites came to Mainz around 1270; the first proper monastery with a church was built in the first half of the 14th century. As part of the secularization, the monastery was dissolved in 1802. Over a century later, in 1924, the church returned to the mendicant order that had been established in Mainz since 1270. In the meantime, it served as a storage space and was preserved only thanks to the protests of the citizens of Mainz against its demolition.
The construction of the current monastery began in 1963, and since 1964, monks have once again lived in the attached monastery, actively using the monastery church from the early 14th century.
Despite many changes over the centuries, the Carmelite Church has largely been preserved in its original condition, with the exception of the ceiling paintings, which are copies. Notable features include the high altar shrine from the 14th century with a bas-relief from 1517, the "Madonna of the Vine" (circa 1400), and the modern stained glass windows by Jan Schoenaker (1970), with the central choir window displaying not only the Mainz city coat of arms but also two "Mainzelmännchen."
During a major interior renovation in 2009/2010, an altar island with a new wooden altar was created in the central area.
